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READING – This text is for questions 21 to 24

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nibs of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are no different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.


soal 21

The text is about …

A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate

Jawaban & Analisis

Kunci: D

Alasan inti: Teks menjelaskan proses bagaimana cokelat dibuat: mulai dari pohon kakao, biji (cocoa beans), fermentasi, pengeringan, roasting, sorting & blending, winnowing, penggilingan hingga menjadi chocolate liquor. Ini adalah paparan “proses pembuatan cokelat.”

A. Pohon kakao hanya bagian awal, bukan fokus keseluruhan. Teks bergerak sampai tahap chocolate liquor, jadi A terlalu sempit.

B. Cocoa beans memang penting, tetapi teks membahas rangkaian langkah setelah biji dipanen. Jadi B belum merangkum keseluruhan isi.

C. “raw chocolate” (cokelat mentah) tidak menjadi fokus istilah utama; teks lebih menekankan proses (how people get chocolate) daripada sekadar bahan mentah.

D. Paling tepat karena mencakup semua tahap (fermented → dried → shipped → roasted → sorted/blended → winnowed → ground). Maka \(D \gt A\) dan \(D \gt B\).

E. Flavour hanya disebut sebagai efek roasting dan perbedaan biji, tetapi bukan topik utama. Jadi E terlalu sempit.


soal 22

The third paragraph focuses on …

A. the process of producing chocolate
B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit

Jawaban & Analisis

Kunci: A

Alasan inti: Paragraf 3 memaparkan langkah-langkah berurutan: ferment → dry → ship → roast → sort/blend → winnow → blend → grind → become liquid (chocolate liquor). Ini jelas fokus pada proses pembuatan cokelat.

A. Tepat karena merangkum semua langkah proses yang dijelaskan.

B. Flavour hanya salah satu bagian kecil (“roasting … bring out the flavour”), tetapi paragrafnya tidak hanya membahas rasa, melainkan seluruh proses. Maka \(A \gt B\).

C. “where chocolate comes from” lebih cocok untuk paragraf pengantar (paragraf 1) atau penjelasan asal kakao (paragraf 2). Bukan fokus paragraf 3.

D. “the chocolate liquor” hanya salah satu hasil akhir paragraf 3. Paragraf 3 lebih luas daripada itu, jadi D terlalu sempit; \(A \gt D\).

E. “the cacao fruit” dibahas pada paragraf 2, bukan paragraf 3.


soal 23

“… so, they are often sorted and blended to produce …” (Paragraph 3)

The underlined word is close in meaning to …

A. arranged
B. combined
C. separated
D. distributed
E. organized

Jawaban & Analisis

Kunci: B

Alasan inti: Frasa “blended” berarti dicampur/dikombinasikan agar menjadi “a distinctive mix.” Dari opsi yang ada, makna terdekat adalah “combined.”

A. “arranged” = ditata. Ini bisa berkaitan dengan “sorted” (disortir/ditata), tetapi tidak menangkap makna “blended” (dicampur). Karena konteksnya menghasilkan “mix”, B lebih tepat; \(B \gt A\).

B. “combined” = digabungkan/dicampur. Ini paling sesuai dengan “blended.”

C. “separated” adalah kebalikan dari “combined.” Tidak sesuai dengan “mix”, jadi C \(\lt\) B.

D. “distributed” = didistribusikan. Tidak sejalan dengan proses pencampuran.

E. “organized” = diorganisasi. Lebih dekat ke “sorted” daripada “blended”, jadi kurang tepat dibanding B.


soal 24

How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans.
B. By roasting the beans.
C. By blending the beans.
D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans.

Jawaban & Analisis

Kunci: B

Bukti dari teks: “The beans are fermented … dried … shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans …” Jadi langkah awal oleh chocolate maker adalah roasting.

A. Fermentasi terjadi sebelum dikirim ke pembuat cokelat (“The beans are fermented … then shipped”). Jadi bukan langkah awal chocolate maker.

B. Tepat karena disebut eksplisit “starts by roasting the beans.”

C. Blending terjadi setelah roasting dan sorting (“Next … they are often sorted and blended …”), jadi bukan awal.

D. Sorting disebut setelah roasting (“Different beans … so they are often sorted…”). Maka roasting lebih dulu; urutannya dapat ditulis \(roasting \gt sorting\) (dalam arti urutan langkah: roasting dilakukan terlebih dahulu daripada sorting).

E. Drying terjadi sebelum shipped, jadi bukan langkah awal chocolate maker.