Key: C

Detailed analysis: The question uses past continuous with a specific time marker: “Were you sleeping when I called you last night?” Past continuous describes an ongoing action in the past interrupted by another past action (“called”). Therefore the reported/rewritten idea should keep the same time frame: “if Indra was sleeping when she called him.”

Grammar focus: “when + simple past” \(\gt\) “past continuous” for the ongoing action (sleeping), so “was sleeping” is the correct form.

Option analysis:

A. sleeps: simple present, wrong time reference.

B. slept: simple past, but loses the idea of an ongoing action at the moment of the call \(\lt\) correct meaning.

C. was sleeping: correct past continuous for ongoing past action.

D. has been sleeping: present perfect continuous, wrong because the event is clearly in the past (last night).

E. had been sleeping: past perfect continuous would require a clearer “earlier past before another past point” emphasis; here we only need the action happening at the time of the call.

Key: B

Detailed analysis: The context is “Yesterday,” so the action happened in the past. The clause “When I ... home” needs a simple past verb to describe a completed past action. The natural sentence is: “When I walked home, a boy asked me ...”

Grammar focus: “Yesterday” \(\gt\) simple past (“walked”). Also, “When + simple past” commonly introduces a past-time background event.

Option analysis:

A. walk: present tense, does not match “yesterday.”

B. walked: correct simple past.

C. walking: would need a different structure (e.g., “When I was walking home...”), so incomplete as written.

D. was walked: passive form and unnatural; “walk” is not used this way here.

E. has been walking: present perfect continuous, wrong time frame because of “yesterday.”

Key: C

Detailed analysis: The question “How long has she been there?” uses present perfect (“has been”), which asks about duration from a starting time up to now. The correct response should use “since” to state the starting point: “Since last year.”

Grammar focus: “How long has + subject + been ...?” \(\gt\) answer with “since + time point” or “for + duration.” Only option C matches this pattern.

Option analysis:

A. Last year: states a time point but does not fit the duration format as naturally as “since last year.”

B. A year ago: time point in the past; would typically answer “When did she go?” not “How long has she been there?”

C. Since last year: correct for present perfect duration.

D. By next years: incorrect form and future reference.

E. Yesterday: too short/unlikely and not expressed in the “since/for” pattern.

Key: A

Detailed analysis: Mawar says, “What do you recommend me to do?” This is a direct request for a suggestion about what action to take. Putri responds with a suggestion (“Why don't you ring him ...”). Therefore, Mawar is asking for advice.

Speech function: “recommend me to do” \(\gt\) asking for advice/suggestion, not asking for facts.

Option analysis:

A. advice: correct; Putri gives a recommendation.

B. curiosity: would be asking out of interest, not requesting a recommended action.

C. agreement: would involve confirming an opinion, not asking what to do.

D. permission: would be “May I...?” or “Can I...?” not “recommend.”

E. information: asking for facts, not suggestions.

Key: A

Detailed analysis: After confirming the scholarship news, the speaker expresses a natural emotional reaction and then gives reasons (he studies hard, follows advice). The most natural and grammatically correct expression is “I'm proud of him.” It fits smoothly before the explanation.

Flow logic: Good news \(\gt\) expression of pride \(\gt\) supporting reasons. Option A matches this sequence best.

Option analysis:

A. I'm proud of him: correct, natural, and fits the context perfectly.

B. I prided myself on his success: unnatural here because it shifts pride to “myself” and sounds awkward in conversation.

C. His pride would not let him down: meaning is unclear and does not match the explanation about studying hard.

D. I'm too proud to have been successful: wrong meaning and grammar; suggests the speaker is successful, not the son.

E. He is a profile of a successful student: unnatural phrasing; not a common conversational response.