Answer: E. to describe a particular institution

Detailed reasoning: The text introduces Cambridge University, explains its status (second oldest in Great Britain), location, organizational structure (faculties, departments, colleges), student life/services, and its academic year. These are descriptive features of the institution, so the purpose is to describe Cambridge University.

Option-by-option analysis:

A. to review a particular education system → The text does not evaluate strengths/weaknesses; it mainly describes Cambridge.

B. to commemorate a particular college → No celebration or memorial tone; it is informational.

C. to define a particular academic year → The academic year is only one section, not the whole purpose.

D. to explain a particular way to study → Supervision is mentioned, but the text is not a study-guide.

E. to describe a particular institution → Correct; the entire passage provides institutional description.

LaTeX note (required symbols): Describing the institution is \( \gt \) defining only the academic year as the overall purpose.

Answer: D. The students of Cambridge University have holidays in summer.

Detailed reasoning: The text says the academic year has three terms: Michaelmas (autumn), Lent (late winter), and Easter (spring). Since summer is not included as a term, it functions as a vacation period. Therefore, it is reasonable (and consistent with the text’s structure) that students have holidays in summer.

Option-by-option analysis:

A. four seasons → False; the text states three terms, not four seasons.

B. not members of the university → False; it says every student is a member of a college (and the colleges are parts of the integrated entity).

C. must not be in residence → False; the university examines candidates “during their residences.”

D. holidays in summer → True by implication: terms cover autumn, late winter, spring; summer is outside the terms.

E. Oxford younger than Cambridge → False; Cambridge is “second oldest ... after the University of Oxford,” meaning Oxford is older.

LaTeX note (required symbols): Terms listed (autumn, late winter, spring) are \( \lt \) a full-year set of seasons, leaving summer as a break.

Answer: C. the system in the Cambridge University.

Detailed reasoning: Paragraph two explains Cambridge’s structure: faculties, departments, and 31 independent colleges; it clarifies how colleges and the university relate (separate corporations but integrated), what the university does (examines candidates), and what colleges provide (lodgings, meals, tutors, activities). This is essentially the university’s system/organization.

Option-by-option analysis:

A. integrated educational entity → Mentioned, but it is one point inside the broader explanation.

B. social activities → Only one detail; not the main focus.

C. the system in the Cambridge University → Correct; covers structure + functions + college roles.

D. examination for candidates' degrees → Also mentioned, but only one function within the system.

E. criteria for membership → Only a closing statement (“Every student...”), not the paragraph’s main content.

LaTeX note (required symbols): The paragraph’s organizational description is \( \gt \) any single detail like social activities.

Answer: E. rooms rented to stay in

Detailed reasoning: “Lodgings” means accommodation—a place to stay/live, typically rooms provided or rented. In the sentence, it is paired with meals and tutors, indicating student accommodation services. Option E matches this meaning most directly.

Option-by-option analysis:

A. dormitories for studying → Focuses on studying, not staying; too specific and inaccurate.

B. business places → Unrelated.

C. discussion spaces → Unrelated.

D. houses for taking a rest → Too vague and not as accurate as “accommodation/rooms to stay in.”

E. rooms rented to stay in → Correct; closest meaning to “lodgings.”

LaTeX note (required symbols): “Accommodation to stay” is \( \gt \) “discussion space” for matching “lodgings.”