Soal 11
The following text is for questions 11 and 12.
Chinese Group Demands that Japanese Emperor Return Ancient Artefact
By Ankit Panda
February 13, 2016
Adding to a growing list of diplomatic disputes between China and Japan, a Chinese group is demanding that Japan’s emperor return a \(1{,}300\)-year-old artefact that was allegedly looted by Japanese soldiers in the 1930s. According to a Xinhua report, the artefact in question is the Honglujing Stele, originally from “north eastern China.” The request was made in a letter addressed to Emperor Akihito of Japan by China Federation of Demanding Compensation from Japan (CFDC) via Japan’s embassy in China. The request has been prominently reported by both China’s domestic and international media outlets, suggesting that part of the intent is to shame Japan for its actions during the first half of the 20th century.
From Xinhua’s report, it is unclear the extent to which the Chinese government is involved in the request for the return of the artefact. The China Federation of Demanding Compensation from Japan (CFDC) is a civic group, independent of the government. According to Xinhua, “this is the first time a Chinese civic group has asked the Japanese imperial family for the return of a looted Chinese relic.” The group seeks compensation for personal, material and spiritual damage caused by Japanese militarism during the country’s aggression against China in the 20th century.
What can be inferred from the text?
A. China and Japan had a great relationship during the first half of the 20th century.
B. China Federation of Demanding Compensation (CFDC) has asked Japan to return the artefact without any condition.
C. Japan was ruled by China in the 20th century.
D. CFDC wanted the Japan emperor to admit their aggression to China in the 20th century.
E. CFDC may have sent a letter directly to the Japan emperor without involving their government.
Lihat Jawaban & Analisa
Jawaban: E
Teks menyatakan dua poin penting: (1) keterlibatan pemerintah China “is unclear”, dan (2) CFDC adalah “a civic group, independent of the government”. Dari sini, simpulan yang paling logis adalah CFDC bertindak sebagai kelompok sipil (bukan pemerintah), sehingga mungkin mengirim permintaan (surat) kepada pihak Jepang tanpa melibatkan pemerintahnya secara langsung. Ini sesuai dengan opsi E.
Analisis opsi:
A: Salah arah, karena teks menekankan “diplomatic disputes” dan “aggression”, bukan hubungan yang baik.
B: Tidak tepat; teks menyebut mereka juga “seeks compensation”, jadi bukan sekadar tanpa syarat.
C: Tidak ada informasi Jepang “ruled by China”.
D: Teks menyebut “shame Japan” dan “aggression”, tetapi tidak ada tuntutan eksplisit agar kaisar “admit” (mengakui) dalam bentuk pengakuan resmi; ini terlalu menambah makna.
E: Paling masuk akal karena CFDC independen dari pemerintah, dan keterlibatan pemerintah tidak jelas.
Soal 12
“…, a Chinese group is demanding that Japan emperor return a \(1{,}300\)-year-old artefact that was allegedly looted by Japanese soldiers in the 1930’s.” (Paragraph \(1\))
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
A. stolen
B. damaged
C. neglected
D. borrowed
E. taken
Lihat Jawaban & Analisa
Jawaban: A
“Looted” berarti diambil secara paksa/dirampas (biasanya saat perang atau kerusuhan), sehingga makna terdekatnya adalah “stolen”. Opsi E “taken” terlalu umum; “stolen” lebih tepat karena menekankan pengambilan yang tidak sah.
Analisis opsi:
A: Tepat, “looted” \( \approx \) “stolen/robbed”.
B: “damaged” artinya dirusak, bukan diambil.
C: “neglected” artinya diabaikan.
D: “borrowed” artinya dipinjam, kebalikan dari konteks konflik.
E: “taken” bisa benar secara longgar, tetapi kurang spesifik dibanding “stolen”.
Soal 13
The following text is for questions 28 to 30.
Webcams Make Alaska Bears Accessible
Mark Thiessen, Associated Press, Anchorage, Alaska Sci-Tech Tue, July 24, 2012, \(6{:}15\) PM
A new video initiative is bringing the famed brown bears of Alaska’s Katmai National Park directly to computers and smartphones. Without having to go there, you’ll be able to watch mature bears compete for salmon at Brook Falls and other sites and cubs tumbling over each other as they play. Starting Tuesday, a live Web stream will allow the public to log on and see the brown bears in their natural habitat.
“I think it’s an unparalleled opportunity for people to get that front row seat of the lives of the bears at Brooks Camp,” said Roy Wood, chief of interpretation for Katmai National Park and Preserve. The project is a partnership with explore.org, which set up four high-definition cameras in Katmai, spokesman Jason Damata told The Associated Press. Three of them are at existing viewing stands where bears come to watch the animals.
The cameras provide access to a national park that is difficult to reach and expensive for most tourists. It is about \(275\) miles southwest of Anchorage, but no roads lead to Katmai. A trip there involves multiple airplanes and a lot of advanced planning; it’s hard to get a lodge reservation at Brooks Camp before 2014. Camping is allowed, but on a reservation system that goes online Jan. \(5\).
“It takes a lot of time, a lot of effort and a lot of money, and the webcams will make it accessible to anyone with access to a computer, a smartphone, a tablet device,” Wood said.
What is the text about?
A. A video display of Katmai’s bears for computers and smartphones.
B. The life of Alaskan bears in their natural habitat.
C. How to protect the endangered Alaskan bears.
D. The bears of Katmai National Park in Alaska.
E. Webcams with the newest technology.
Lihat Jawaban & Analisa
Jawaban: A
Kalimat pembuka menyatakan inti: “A new video initiative is bringing ... directly to computers and smartphones.” Jadi teks membahas inisiatif video/webcam yang membuat beruang Katmai bisa dilihat lewat komputer dan smartphone. Itu paling tepat dinyatakan oleh opsi A.
Analisis opsi:
A: Paling spesifik dan sesuai dengan ide utama (webcams/video ke komputer & smartphone).
B: Benar sebagian (tentang kehidupan beruang), tetapi fokus utama adalah cara mengaksesnya lewat webcam.
C: Tidak membahas perlindungan/konservasi secara langsung.
D: Terlalu umum; bukan sekadar “tentang beruang”, melainkan program webcam.
E: Teks menyebut high-definition cameras, tetapi “newest technology” bukan fokus utama, hanya detail.
Soal 14
It’s proudly stated in the text that ....
A. a new video can be used with a computer
B. the project is partnership with explore.org and Katmai
C. we can use the new video to shoot bears without going to their habitat
D. Katmai National Park has made a video of their bears in nature environment
E. webcams enable us to see bears’ life in nature on a computer or a smartphone
Lihat Jawaban & Analisa
Jawaban: E
Teks menonjolkan kebanggaan/keunggulan program ini: publik bisa “log on and see the brown bears in their natural habitat” dan “webcams will make it accessible” bagi siapa pun yang punya komputer/smartphone/tablet. Opsi E merangkum pernyataan itu paling lengkap dan tepat.
Analisis opsi:
A: Terlalu sempit (hanya komputer), padahal juga smartphone/tablet dan konteks “lihat kehidupan beruang”.
B: Memang disebut “partnership”, tetapi bukan inti kebanggaan utama yang ditekankan ke pembaca umum (akses publik melihat beruang).
C: Salah makna; “shoot” (menembak/memotret) tidak disebut, yang ada “watch/see”.
D: Kurang tepat dan kurang lengkap; teks bukan hanya “made a video”, tetapi layanan webcam/live stream untuk publik.
E: Paling sesuai dengan gagasan utama dan kalimat penegas di paragraf akhir.
Soal 15
“… to watch mature bears compete for salmon at Brook Falls.” (paragraph \(2\))
The underlined word is most closely associated to ....
A. fight
B. kill
C. hug
D. defeat
E. defend
Lihat Jawaban & Analisa
Jawaban: A
“Compete for salmon” berarti bersaing mendapatkan salmon. Dalam konteks beruang dewasa berebut makanan, bentuk bersaing yang paling dekat dengan pilihan kata di opsi adalah “fight” (berebut/bertarung untuk mendapatkan sesuatu). Opsi D “defeat” adalah hasil (mengalahkan), bukan tindakan “bersaing” itu sendiri.
Analisis opsi:
A: Paling dekat sebagai asosiasi tindakan saat bersaing memperebutkan makanan.
B: “kill” terlalu ekstrem dan tidak tersirat dari “compete”.
C: “hug” jelas tidak terkait.
D: “defeat” adalah akibat/hasil kompetisi, bukan makna terdekat dari kata kerja “compete”.
E: “defend” berarti bertahan/melindungi, bukan bersaing untuk mendapatkan sesuatu.